Towards cross-modal electrificationGlobal EV Outlook 2018IEA member countries: Australia Austria Belgium CanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinland FranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIreland ItalyJapanKoreaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew Zealand NorwayPolandPortugalSlovak RepublicSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUnited KingdomUnited StatesThe European Commission also participates in the work of the IEA.© OECD/IEA, 2018International Energy Agency Website: www.iea.orgPlease note that this publication is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at www.iea.org/t&c/INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCYThe IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil, gas and coal supply and demand, renewable energy technologies, electricity markets, energy efficiency, access to energy, demand side management and much more. Through its work, the IEA advocates policies that will enhance the reliability, affordability and sustainability of energy in its 30 member countries, 7 association countries and beyond.The four main areas of IEA focus are: n Energy Security: Promoting diversity, efficiency, flexibility and reliability for all fuelsand energy sources;n Economic Development: Supporting free markets to foster economic growth andeliminate energy poverty;n Environmental Awareness: Analysing policy options to offset the impactof energy production and use on the environment, especially fortackling climate change and air pollution; andn Engagement Worldwide: Working closely with associationand partner countries, especially major emerging economies, to find solutions to shared energy and environmental concerns.TogetherSecureSustainable© OECD/IEA 2018 Global EV Outlook 2018 Towards cross-modal electrification Page | 3 Acknowledgements Global EV Outlook 2018 was developed and prepared by the Energy Technology Policy (ETP) Division of the Directorate of Sustainability, Technology and Outlooks (STO) of the International Energy Agency (IEA), under the direction of Dave Turk, Acting Director of STO. Pierpaolo Cazzola co-ordinated this project. This report was collectively developed by (in alphabetical order): Till Bunsen, Pierpaolo Cazzola, Marine Gorner, Leonardo Paoli, Sacha Scheffer, Renske Schuitmaker, Jacopo Tattini and Jacob Teter. It benefited from the support provided by Simon Bennett, Emanuele Bianco, Paul Hugues, George Kamiya, Sarbojit Pal, Kate Palmer, Apostolos Petropoulos and Oliver Schmidt. In addition, Jian Liu (Energy Research Institute, China) provided extensive support regarding China's data, policies and EV market development during the preparation of this report. Bertrand Sadin assisted with the graphic design. Several in-depth interviews were conducted to help obtain more detailed information on specific topics. Valuable input was received from Haakoen Gloeersen (Siemens), Antti Lajunen (Aalto university, Finland), Zoe Yang (Xcharge) and Edison Yin (BYD). The following individuals have contributed to developing the activities of the Electric Vehicles Initiative (EVI) on behalf of their governments through providing data and assistance, and reviewing this report: Carol Burelle (Canada), Aaron Hoskin (Canada), Paula Vieira (Canada), René-Pierre Allard (Canada), Yong Jin (the People’s Republic of China [hereafter “China”]), Lijin Zhao (China), Shuhua Jiang (China), Chengxi Li (China), Guofang Liu (China), Jinchen Gua (China), Zheng Yali (China), Pentti Puhakka (Finland), Nils-Olof Nylund (Finland), Mikko Pihlatie (Finland), Cédric Messier (France), Maude Premillieu (France), Clarisse Durand (France), Gereon Meyer (Germany), Birgit Hofmann (Germany), Abhay Bakre (India), Pravin Agrawal (India), Ishan Jain (India), Harish Sikri (India), Vishvajit Sahay (India), Raj Kumar Singh (India), Zuiou Ashihara (Japan), Santiago Creuheras (Mexico), Víctor Zúñiga (Mexico), Maria Ramos (Mexico), Leonardo Beltrán (Mexico), Sonja Munnix (the Netherlands), Jannis Rippis (Norway), Asbjørn Johnsen (Norway), Havard Grothe Lien (Norway), Martin Palm (Sweden), Peter Kasche (Sweden), Tim Ward (United Kingdom), Rob Gould (United Kingdom), Bob Moran (United Kingdom), Russel Conklin (United States) and David Howell (United States). Peer reviewers provided essential feedback to improve the quality of the report. They include: Patrik Akerman (Siemens), Laurent Antoni (French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission), Debashish Bhattacharjee (UN Habitat), Robert Bienenfeld (American Honda), Tomoko Blech (CHAdeMO), David Brocas (Glencore), Remzi Can Samsun (Forschungszentrum Jülich), Romain Capaldi (Navigant), Anri Cohen (BP), Marcello Contestabile (E4tech Ltd), Santiago Creuheras (Mexico’s Ministry of Energy), Jos Dings (Tesla (Europe)), Elizabeth Endler (Shell), Miguel Fernandez Astudillo (University of Sherbrooke), Peter Fitzmaurice (Industrial Minerals), Diego Garcia Carvajal (European Copper Institute), Bogdan Gagea (BP), Nancy Garland (U.S. Department of Energy), Marjan Gj...
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