中国国际光缆互联互通白皮书（2018年）.pdf

White Paper on China International Optical Cable Interconnection （2018） ChinaAcademyofInformationandCommunications Technology (CAICT) August2018 COPYRIGHT STATEMENT The copyright of this white paper is owned by CAICT (China Academy of Telecommunication Research of MIIT)and protected by law. If the text or viewpoints of this white paper are reproduced, excerpted orusedin othermeans, the source shall be marked: CAICT (China Academy of Telecommunication Research of MIIT). If anyone violates the above statement, this Court will pursue his legal liabilities. Foreword International optical cables are vital to global communications. With the vast majority of international data transmission occurring through submarine optical cables, a country's degree of international optical cable interconnectedness is critical to its economic competitiveness and standard of living. According to a TeleGeography report, over 95% international data is transmitted this way. Since China's first submarine optical cable, which connected with Japan, launched in 1993, submarine optical cables have become the most important way that China connects with the rest of the world. Submarine optical cables from China can directly connect to North America, coastal Asia, Europe, and Africa, and China has implemented direct network interconnection with key countries such as the US, Japan, Singapore, and the UK1. After years of research and development, China's submarine optical cable industry has independent capabilities in transmission equipment, optical cables manufacture, system integration, and construction and maintenance. The continued promotion and implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is increasing China's international interactions, requirements on its networks' ability to provide global services, and both opportunities and challenges in the submarine optical cable industry. Chinese enterprises should actively participate in the global laying of submarine optical cables and actively promote the inception and development of related industries. 1China submarine cables refer to the submarine cables whose operation involves China Telecom, China Unicom, and China Mobile and whose landing points are in China (including mainland China and Hong Kong). Table ofContents 1 DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF INTERNATIONAL OPTICAL CABLES .. 1 1.1 SUBMARINE OPTICAL CABLES VITAL FOR INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS ................................................................................................. 1 1.2 FIERCE COMPETITION IN GLOBAL SUBMARINE CABLE MARKET .................... 2 1.3 INTERNET GIANTS BECOME NEW FORCES IN THE SUBMARINE CABLE CLUB . 4 1.4 DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF COLLABORATION BETWEEN SUBMARINE CABLES AND DATA CENTERS IS OBVIOUS ............................................................. 5 1.5 INTERNATIONAL SUBMARINE CABLE INTERCONNECTION WILL USHER IN AN IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENT PHASE ................................................................. 7 2 DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA INTERNATIONAL OPTICAL CABLES ... 10 2.1 SURROUNDING COUNTRIES CONNECTED BY CROSS-BORDER TERRESTRIAL CABLES ........................................................................................................................................ 10 2.2 KEY COUNTRIES CONNECTED BY INTERNATIONAL SUBMARINE CABLES ...... 11 2.3 BOOMING OPTICAL CABLE INDUSTRY ....................................................................... 14 2.4 INSUFFICIENT DEVELOPMENT IN COMPARISON WITH INTERNATIONAL SUBMARINE CABLES ................................................................................................................ 15 3 PROSPECTS OF CHINA INTERNATIONAL OPTICAL CABLES .......... 17 3.1 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE INTERCONNECTION IS AN IMPORTANT COOPERATIVE CONTENT OF " THE BELT AND ROAD " ............................................................................................................................... 17 3.2 INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGES AND FLOW OF PRODUCTION FACTORS TO PROMOTE THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL SUBMARINE CABLES ............ 18 3.3 OVERSEAS BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERNET ENTERPRISES PROMOTES STRONG DEMAND FOR INTERNATIONAL BANDWIDTH ......................... 20 3.4 CHINA'S GEOPOLITICAL ADVANTAGE BREEDS BROAD SPACE FOR SYNERGETIC DEVELOPMENT OF TERRESTRIAL AND SUBMARINE CABLE ............... 22 4 RECOMMENDATIONS ON CHINA INTERNATIONAL OPTICAL CABLES .............................................................................................................. 24 4.1 SERVING BRI AND ACCELERATING THE GLOBAL SUBMARINE CABLE LAYOUT ....................................................................................................................................... 24 4.2 OPTIMIZING LANDING STATION LAYING AND COOPERATING TO BUILD SUPPORTING POINTS OF SUBMARINE CABLE NETWORK ............................................. 25 4.3 OPTIMIZING POLICIES AND REGULATIONS FOR BETTER INTERNATIONAL SUBMARINE CABLE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT ......