The 21st Century Maritime Silk RoadTourism Opportunities and Impacts With the kind support of:${protocol}://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284418749 - Friday, August 02, 2019 11:01:06 PM - IP Address:172.96.241.126 ${protocol}://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284418749 - Friday, August 02, 2019 11:01:06 PM - IP Address:172.96.241.126 The 21st Century Maritime Silk RoadTourism Opportunities and Impacts ${protocol}://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284418749 - Friday, August 02, 2019 11:01:06 PM - IP Address:172.96.241.126 © Cherry Lv | Dreamstime.com ${protocol}://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284418749 - Friday, August 02, 2019 11:01:06 PM - IP Address:172.96.241.126 Table of contents Acknowledgments7Foreword by the World Tourism Organization 9Foreword by Beijing Sunny International Communications Ltd. 11Executive summary 12Chapter 1 The historic Maritime Silk Road 161.1 The Silk Road routes 161.2 The evolution of Maritime Silk Road routes 171.2.1 Early maritime trade 171.2.2 The Maritime Silk Road in the Tang and Song dynasties 181.2.3 The Maritime Silk Road to the Kingdom of Korea and Japan 201.2.4 The straits of Malacca 201.2.5 Maritime trade under the Yang and the Ming 221.2.6 The Maritime Silk Road under the Qing 241.3 The Arabs 251.4 India and Sri Lanka 261.5 The west 281.5.1 The Portuguese 281.5.2 The Ottomans 291.5.3 Spain301.5.4 The Dutch 321.5.5 The British 331.5.6 The age of steam and the Suez Canal 331.5.7 Mediterranean and Atlantic ports 341.6 The Chinese diaspora 361.7 Conclusions39Chapter 2 The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road 422.1 The Belt and Road Initiative 422.2 Key areas of cooperation 442.3 Vision for 21st Century Maritime Cooperation 462.4 Belt and Road Initiative tourism vision 46 ${protocol}://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284418749 - Friday, August 02, 2019 11:01:06 PM - IP Address:172.96.241.126 联系微信客服1225791460进同步更新群 2.5 Implementation progress 47 2.6 Other maritime development plans in the region 49 2.7 Key Belt and Road Initiative activities 49 2.8 Conclusions 50 Chapter 3 Tourism on the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road 54 3.1 Introduction 54 3.2 International tourism and cruise tourism 563.2.1 International tourism 563.2.2 Cruise tourism 573.2.3 Outbound and cruise tourism 58 3.3 International tourism by country of destinations 593.3.1 Bangladesh 593.3.2 Brunei 603.3.3 Cambodia 633.3.4 China, Hong Kong (China) and Taiwan Province of China 653.3.5 India 743.3.6 Indonesia 783.3.7 Iran 833.3.8 Japan 863.3.9 Malaysia 883.3.10 Maldives 923.3.11 Myanmar 943.3.12 Pakistan 973.3.13 Philippines 983.3.14 Republic of Korea 1013.3.15 Singapore 1033.3.16 Sri Lanka 1063.3.17 Thailand 1083.3.18 Viet Nam 110 3.4 Conclusions 114 Chapter 4 Case studies 118 4.1 China Maritime Silk Road Promotion Alliance 118 4.2 China Maritime Silk Road Museum, Guangdong Province, China 122 4.3 Cheng Ho Maritime Trail, Indonesia 1234.3.1 Rationale for the Cheng Ho Maritime Trail 1234.3.2 Chinese tourism to Indonesia 1244.3.3 The Cheng Ho Maritime Trail 1254.3.4 Strategies for developing the Cheng Ho Maritime Trail 125 4.4 Community engagement in preserving heritage: Jakarta Old Town, Indonesia 1264.4.1 Community engagement: Challenges and breakthrough 1264.4.2 Success stories 127 ${protocol}://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284418749 - Friday, August 02, 2019 11:01:06 PM - IP Address:172.96.241.126 4.5 Muziris Heritage Project, Kerala, India 1294.5.1 Development approach 1304.5.2 Project components 1304.5.3 Managing the project 1324.5.4 Conclusions and lessons learned 132 4.6 National Maritime Museum, Galle, Sri Lanka 133 4.7 From port city to tourism destination: Aqaba, Jordan 1344.7.1 A Special Economic Zone 1344.7.2 Lessons learned 135 4.8 Black Sea Silk Road Corridor: touching time 135 4.9 Maritime Silk Road heritage and tourism development: the case of Thessaloniki, Greece 137 4.10 Conclusions 139 Chapter 5 Overall conclusions 142 5.1 Background 1425.1.1 An emerging theme 1425.1.2 Brief historic overview 1425.1.3 The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road 1435.1.4 Current tourism situation 143 5.2 Opportunities for 21st Century Maritime Silk Road tourism product development 1445.2.1 Accommodation and resort development 1445.2.2 Restaurants and food tourism 1445.2.3 Retail 1455.2.4 Urban and port area upgrades 1455.2.5 Cruise terminal development 1455.2.6 Cruise line expansion 1455.2.7 Cruise itinerary development 1465.2.8 Visitor attraction development, visitor management and conservation 1465.2.9 Overland themed route development 1475.2.10 Coastal and water-based tourism opportunities 1475.2.11 MICE tourism 1485.2.12 Events tourism 148 5.3 Impacts of tourism on the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road 1485.3.1 Managing impacts 1485.3.2 Economic impacts 1495.3.3 Social and cultural impacts 1515.3.4 Environmental impacts 152 5.4 UNWTO’s Silk Road Initiative 155 5.5 Conclusions 155 ${protocol}://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284418749 - 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